Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2018 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 5 Articles
Background. The complications associated with errors in transfusion practice can be minimized by assessing transfusion practices.\nIn Nepal, there is no standard protocol on blood transfusion. So, this study was conducted with an aim to assess the blood\ntransfusion practice among healthcare personnel. Methods. A descriptive observational study was conducted in two tertiary\nhospitals in Kathmandu, Nepal, over a period of 10 months. Bedside blood transfusion procedures were observed using structured\nchecklist. Results. Altogether, 86 observations were made. Time taken from dispatch from the blood bank to transfusion was >2\nhours in 53.2% of cases. In majority of the cases, blood was kept in the ward in uncontrolled and unprotected manner by the\npatients� relatives. Only 8.2% of the patients and/or the relatives were informed about the reasons, associated probable risks (2.4%),\nand the benefits of transfusion (4.7%). Assessment of vital signs at 15 minutes of initiation of transfusion was done on about 2 to\n4% of cases. Conclusion. We found a suboptimal blood transfusion practice in Nepal, which could be attributable to substantial\nknowledge gap among healthcare personnel and the absence of quality culture, quality system, and quality management in the area\nof blood transfusion practices....
Background. Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) has no medical benefits and is associated with serious health complications.\nFGM/C including medicalization is illegal in Kenya. Capacity building for nurse-midwives to manage and prevent FGM/C is therefore\ncritical. Objective. Determine the current FGM/C knowledge and effect of training among nurse-midwives using an electronic tool\nderived from a paper-based quiz on FGM/C among nurse-midwives. Methods. Nurse-midwives (n 26) were assessed pre- and post-\nFGM/C training using a quiz comprising 12 questions. The quiz assessed the following factors: definition, classification, determining\nfactors, epidemiology, medicalization, prevention, health consequences, and nurse-midwives� roles in FGM/C prevention themes. The\nscores for individuals and all the questions were computed and compared using SPSS V22. Results.The mean scores for the quiz were\n64.8%, improving to 96.2% p < 0.05 after training. Before the training, the following proportions of participants correctly answered\nquestions demonstrating their knowledge of types of cutting (84.6%), link with health problems (96.2%), FGM/C-related complications\n(96.2%), communities that practice FGM/C (61.5%), medicalization (43.6%), reinfibulation (46.2%), dissociation from religion (46.2%),\nand the law as it relates to FGM/C (46.2%). The participants demonstrated knowledge of FGM/C-related complications with the\nproportion of nurse-midwives correctly answering questions relating to physical impact (69.2%), psychological impact (69.2%), sexual\nimpact (57.7%), and social impact (38.5%). Additionally, participant awareness ofNMroles in managing FGM/C included the following:\nknowledge of the nurse-midwife as counselor (69.2%), advocate (80.8%), leader (26.9%), role model (42.3%), and caregiver (34.6%).\nThese scores improved significantly after training. Conclusion. Substantial FGM/C-related knowledge was demonstrated by nursemidwives.\nThey, however, showed challenges in preventing/rejecting medicalization of FGM/C, and there were knowledge gaps\nconcerning sexual and social complications, as well as the specific roles of NM. This underscores the need to implement innovative\nFGM/C training interventions to empower health professionals to better respond to its management and prevention....
Research suggests that guided self-determination programmes can support self-management of diabetes by empowering selfdetermined\ngoal setting and competence building. As most research in this area has focused on people with type 1 diabetes,\nknowledge is lacking on how adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus experience participation in such programmes. This study reports\nthemodelling phase of a complex intervention design that explored the experiences of adults with type 2 diabetes who participated\nin a nurse-led guided self-determination programme in general practice and examines how the programme affected patients�\nmotivation to self-manage diabetes. The qualitative design with semistructured interviews included 9 adults with type 2 diabetes\nwho participated in the programme. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the data. The findings indicate that the\nparticipants experienced new life possibilities after participating in the programme, which seemed to have a positive influence\non their motivation for self-management. Through reflections about how to live with diabetes, the participants reinterpreted their\nlife with diabetes by gradually developing a closer relationship with the disease, moving towards acceptance.The fact that dialogue\nwith the nurses was seen to be on an equal footing helped support the participants to become more self-determined....
This scoping review explores circumstances surrounding the decision about, and eventual experience of, transitioning older adults\ninto alternative levels of housing (ALH), such as long-term care. This topic is examined from a family member perspective, given\ntheir exposure and involvement in the care of older adult relatives during this transitional period.The scoping reviewmethodology\nis based on the framework of Arksey and O�Malley and subsequent recommendations from Levac, Colquhoun, and O�Brien.\nApproximately 470 articles were reviewed covering the period between 2000 and November 2014; 37 articles met inclusion criteria.\nA temporal organization of themes was used to describe the experiences of family members in the pretransition, active transition,\nand posttransition periods of moving older adult relatives into ALH. This paper highlights the transitional period as a time of crisis,\nwith a lack of planning, support, and transparent discussion. This study identifies a need for future research on the potential benefits\nof family support groups, interimtransitional housing options, differentmodels ofALH, changing roles in the posttransition period,\nand the need for a comprehensive list of housing options for older adults. Results have the potential to inform policy/practice and\nimprove the lives of older adults and their family....
The prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal symptoms (WRMSs) in different body\nparts for nursing assistants (NAs) working in nursing homes is currently unknown. The aim of this\nstudy was to determine the extent of WRMSs in nursing assistants and the factors associated with\nthem. Four hundred and forty NAs from 52 nursing homes, recruited by convenience sampling,\nparticipated in this cross-sectional study in 2014ââ?¬â??2015. A valid and reliable study questionnaire\nwas used to collect data. The results of our study found that 88.4% of NAs reported at least one\nbody part with WRMSs. These NAs reported more symptoms in the shoulders than lower back.\nAdverse workstyle (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01ââ?¬â??1.08) was the only factor associated with WRMSs\nafter adjustment for potential confounders using multivariable logistic regression. This adverse\nworkstyle could be developed because of physical and psychological work demands. Efforts should\nbe directed at integrating ââ?¬Å?workstyle interventionââ?¬Â into lifestyle physical activity training to this\ngroup of healthcare workers....
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